Okuryazarlık Araştırmacılarının Dijital Okuryazarlık Üzerine Görüşleri: Sistematik Bir Alanyazın Taraması
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17489043Anahtar Kelimeler:
Dijital Okuryazarlık, Sistematik Alanyazın Taraması, Öğretmen Uygulamaları, Okuryazarlığın Kavramsallaştırılması, Eğitim AraştırmalarıÖzet
Bu sistematik alanyazın taraması, okuryazarlık araştırmacılarının eğitim bağlamlarında dijital okuryazarlığı nasıl kavramsallaştırdıklarını ve incelediklerini ele almaktadır. Cooper’ın (2010) işlemsel modeli rehberliğinde, 2011–2021 yılları arasında yayımlanmış 38 ampirik ve hakemli çalışma analiz edilmiştir. Bu çalışma üç temel soruya odaklanmıştır: Dijital okuryazarlığı incelemek için kullanılan değişkenler nelerdir? Araştırmacıların kavrama yönelik bakış açıları nasıldır? Bu bakış açılarıyla ilişkili çalışmaların özellikleri nelerdir? Bulgular, üç baskın yaklaşımı ortaya koymuştur: (1) öğretmenlerin öğretim uygulamalarına yönelik bir beceri seti olarak dijital okuryazarlık, (2) okuma ve yazma gelişimini destekleyen bilgi alma ve aktarma yetisi olarak dijital okuryazarlık ve (3) yaşam boyu öğrenme, etik katılım ve toplumsal katılım için bir yeterlik olarak dijital okuryazarlık. Çalışmalarda en sık kullanılan araştırma deseni nitel durum çalışmaları olmuş; sosyal yapılandırmacılık ve ilişkili kuramsal çerçeveler araştırmalara yön vermiştir. Mülakatlar ve anketler en yaygın kullanılan veri toplama yöntemleri, Google tabanlı araçlar ise en sık atıf yapılan dijital platformlar olarak öne çıkmıştır. Genel olarak bulgular, dijital okuryazarlığın teknik, bilişsel ve sosyokültürel boyutları kapsayan çok yönlü bir yapı olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır. Bu tarama, mevcut çalışmaları sentezleyerek alana katkı sunmakta, uzlaşılan ve farklılaşılan noktaları netleştirmekte ve gelecekteki araştırmalar için yönelimleri belirlemektedir. Sonuçlar, öğretmen eğitimi, program geliştirme ve öğrenci ile öğretmenlerde kapsamlı dijital okuryazarlık becerilerini geliştirmeye yönelik politika girişimleri açısından önemli yansımalar taşımaktadır.
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