Industry 5.0: A Human-Centric Paradigm for Sustainable and Resilient Industrial Transformation
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15358434Keywords:
Industry 5.0, Human-Machine Collaboration, Sustainable Manufacturing, Smart Technologies, Circular EconomyAbstract
The emergence of Industry 5.0 represents a paradigm shift from the automation-focused framework of Industry 4.0 toward a more human-centric, sustainable, and resilient industrial future. This study explores the conceptual evolution, technological foundations, and multidimensional applications of Industry 5.0 across manufacturing, healthcare, agriculture, logistics, and supply chain systems. By emphasizing collaborative human-machine interaction, ethical considerations, and environmental responsibility, Industry 5.0 seeks to redefine production models that not only enhance operational efficiency but also prioritize human well-being and ecological stewardship. Drawing on recent literature, policy frameworks, and sector-specific case studies, this paper analyzes how advanced Technologies such as artificial intelligence, the Internet of Things, robotics, and digital twins contribute to the realization of mass customization, circular economy, and carbon-neutral production. Furthermore, the research identifies key challenges including data privacy, infrastructure adaptability, and ethical implications, while highlighting emerging opportunities for innovation, inclusive employment, and sustainable development. The findings underscore the transformative potential of Industry 5.0 in aligning industrial advancement with broader societal and environmental goals.
References
Adel, A. (2022). Future of industry 5.0 in society: human-centric solutions, challenges and prospective research areas. Journal of Cloud Computing, 11(1), 40.
Ahmed, I., Hossain, N. U. I., Fazio, S. A., Lezzi, M., & Islam, M. S. (2024). A decision support model for assessing and prioritization of industry 5.0 cybersecurity challenges. Sustainable Manufacturing and Service Economics, 3, 100018.
Ahmed, T., Karmaker, C. L., Nasir, S. B., Moktadir, M. A., & Paul, S. K. (2023). Modeling the artificial intelligence-based imperatives of industry 5.0 towards resilient supply chains: A post-COVID-19 pandemic perspective. Computers & Industrial Engineering, 177, 109055.
Akundi, A., Euresti, D., Luna, S., Ankobiah, W., Lopes, A., & Edinbarough, I. (2022). State of Industry 5.0—Analysis and identification of current research trends. Applied System Innovation, 5(1), 27.
Aylak, B. L. (2022). Impacts of sustainability on supply Chain management. Avrupa Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi, (34), 105-109.
Aylak, B. L. (2025). SustAI-SCM: Intelligent Supply Chain Process Automation with Agentic AI for Sustainability and Cost Efficiency. Sustainability, 17(6), 2453.
Barata, J., & Kayser, I. (2023). Industry 5.0–past, present, and near future. Procedia Computer Science, 219, 778–788.
Borboni, A., Reddy, K. V. V., Elamvazuthi, I., AL-Quraishi, M. S., Natarajan, E., & Azhar Ali, S. S. (2023). The expanding role of artificial intelligence in collaborative robots for industrial applications: a systematic review of recent works. Machines, 11(1), 111.
Brynjolfsson, E. (2014). The second machine age: Work, progress, and prosperity in a time of brilliant technologies (Vol. 236). WW Norton Company.
Canbay, P., & Demircioğlu, Z. (2021). Endüstri 5.0’a doğru: Zeki otonom sistemlerde etik ve ahlaki sorumluluklar. AJIT-e: Academic Journal of Information Technology, 12(45), 106–123.
Çetinkaya, K., Demircioğlu, P., Özsoy, K., & Duman, B. (Eds.). (2019). Sanayi 4.0 teknolojik alanları ve uygulamaları (ISBN 978-605-037-007-2). Pegem Akademi. https://doi.org/10.14527/9786050370072
Cotta, J., Breque, M., De Nul, L. & Petridis, A. (2021) Industry 5.0 - Towards a sustainable, human-centric and resilient European industry. https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/468a892a-5097-11eb-b59f-01aa75ed71a1/.
Duman, B., & Özsoy, K. (2023). Endüstri 4.0 perspektifinde akıllı tarım. 4th International Congress on 3D Printing (Additive Manufacturing) Technologies and Digital Industry, 540. 11-14 April, Antalya, Türkiye.
Garg, P. K. (2022). The future healthcare technologies: a roadmap to society 5.0. In Geospatial Data Science in Healthcare for Society 5.0 (pp. 305–318). Singapore: Springer Singapore.
George, A. S., George, A. H., & Baskar, T. (2023). The evolution of smart factories: how industry 5.0 is revolutionizing manufacturing. Partners Universal Innovative Research Publication, 1(1), 33–53.
Ivanov, D., Dolgui, A., & Sokolov, B. (2022). Cloud supply chain: Integrating Industry 4.0 and digital platforms in the “Supply Chain-as-a-Service”. Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, 160, 102676.
Kolade, O., & Owoseni, A. (2022). Employment 5.0: The work of the future and the future of work. Technology in Society, 71, 102086.
Liu, L., Guo, F., Zou, Z., & Duffy, V. G. (2024). Application, development and future opportunities of collaborative robots (cobots) in manufacturing: A literature review. International Journal of Human–Computer Interaction, 40(4), 915–932.
Lu, Y., Zheng, H., Chand, S., Xia, W., Liu, Z., Xu, X., ... & Bao, J. (2022). Outlook on human-centric manufacturing towards Industry 5.0. Journal of Manufacturing Systems, 62, 612–627.
Maddikunta, P. K. R., Pham, Q. V., Prabadevi, B., Deepa, N., Dev, K., Gadekallu, T. R., ... & Liyanage, M. (2022). Industry 5.0: A survey on enabling technologies and potential applications. Journal of Industrial Information Integration, 26, 100257.
Nahavandi, S. (2019). Industry 5.0—A human-centric solution. Sustainability, 11(16), 4371.
Nalbant, K. G., & Aydın, S. (2025). Endüstri 4.0'dan Endüstri 5.0'a Geçiş: Dijital Dönüşümde Yapay Zeka ve Metaverse'in Rolü. Sosyal, Beşeri ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi, 8(1), 41–54.
Narkhede, G. B., Pasi, B. N., Rajhans, N., & Kulkarni, A. (2025). Industry 5.0 and sustainable manufacturing: a systematic literature review. Benchmarking: An International Journal, 32(2), 608–635.
Nguyen, H. D., & Tran, K. P. (2023). Artificial intelligence for smart manufacturing in industry 5.0: Methods, applications, and challenges. In Artificial Intelligence for Smart Manufacturing: Methods, Applications, and Challenges (pp. 5–33).
Nguyen, H. D., & Tran, K. P. (2023). Artificial intelligence for smart manufacturing in industry 5.0: Methods, applications, and challenges. Artificial intelligence for smart manufacturing: methods, applications, and challenges, 5-33.
Orso, V., Ziviani, R., Bacchiega, G., Bondani, G., Spagnolli, A., & Gamberini, L. (2022). Employee-centric innovation: Integrating participatory design and video-analysis to foster the transition to Industry 5.0. Computers & Industrial Engineering, 173, 108661.
Panagou, S., Neumann, W. P., & Fruggiero, F. (2024). A scoping review of human robot interaction research towards Industry 5.0 human-centric workplaces. International Journal of Production Research, 62(3), 974–990.
Rüßmann, M., Lorenz, M., Gerbert, P., Waldner, M., Justus, J., Engel, P., & Harnisch, M. (2015). Industry 4.0: The future of productivity and growth in manufacturing industries. Boston Consulting Group, 9(1), 54–89.
Sarkar, B. D., Shardeo, V., Dwivedi, A., & Pamucar, D. (2024). Digital transition from industry 4.0 to industry 5.0 in smart manufacturing: A framework for sustainable future. Technology in Society, 78, 102649.
Sharma, R., & Gupta, H. (2024). Leveraging cognitive digital twins in industry 5.0 for achieving sustainable development goal 9: An exploration of inclusive and sustainable industrialization strategies. Journal of Cleaner Production, 448, 141364.
Shishodia, A., Sharma, R., Rajesh, R., & Munim, Z. H. (2023). Supply chain resilience: A review, conceptual framework and future research. The International Journal of Logistics Management, 34(4), 879–908.
Suryawanshi, P., & Dutta, P. (2022). Optimization models for supply chains under risk, uncertainty, and resilience: A state-of-the-art review and future research directions. Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, 157, 102553.
Tavares, T. M., Ganga, G. M. D., Godinho Filho, M., & Rodrigues, V. P. (2023). The benefits and barriers of additive manufacturing for circular economy: A framework proposal. Sustainable Production and Consumption, 37, 369–388.
Teoman, S. (2024). Endüstri 5.0 Kapsamında İnsan Merkezli Tedarik Zinciri Yapılandırmasına Yönelik Stratejik Ve Teknolojik Çerçeve Analizi. Doğuş Üniversitesi Dergisi, 25(2), 375–387.
Wang, X., Xue, Y., Zhang, J., Hong, Y., Guo, S., & Zeng, X. (2024). A sustainable supply chain design for personalized customization in Industry 5.0 era. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics.
Wolfert, S., Ge, L., Verdouw, C., & Bogaardt, M. J. (2017). Big data in smart farming–a review. Agricultural Systems, 153, 69–80.
Yetkin, B. N., & Ulutaş, B. H. (2022). A skill-based MILP model in cellular manufacturing systems with human-robot collaboration. IFAC-PapersOnLine, 55(10), 1728–1733.
Yetkin, E. G., & Coşkun, K. (2021). Endüstri 5.0 (Toplum 5.0) ve Mimarlık. Avrupa Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi, (27), 347–353.
Yiğit, G., & Engin, O. (2025). Endüstri 5.0 İle Sürdürülebilirliğin Sağlanması: Bir Bibliyometrik Analiz. İstanbul Aydın Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 17(1), 23–46.
Zhang, C., Wang, Z., Zhou, G., Chang, F., Ma, D., Jing, Y., ... & Zhao, D. (2023). Towards new-generation human-centric smart manufacturing in Industry 5.0: A systematic review. Advanced Engineering Informatics, 57, 102121.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Gencay SARIIŞIK, Sercan Demir
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
